What are the applications of organotin catalysts?

Organotin catalysts are commonly used in the production of polyurethane and other products, especially in polyurethane foam, coatings, elastomers, adhesives, resins and other industries.

Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate is abbreviated as DAP, and its physical properties are as described in the section Diammonium Phosphate in the Intumescent Fire Protection System section. As an additive inorganic flame retardant, its flame retardant effect is the same as that of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. It is used as a flame retardant for the surface flame retardant treatment of flammable substrates such as wood, paper, and textiles, because it contains phosphorus and nitrogen. Due to the synergistic effect of PN, the flame retardant effect is very good, especially for wood flame retardant.

It is often used in combination with other compounds, and its combined use systems such as oxo phosphate, ammonium dioxo phosphate + Mg(OH) 2 oxo ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ten B aCl 2; diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate + CaCl z; diammonium hydrogen phosphate+Ca(HyPO)) 2+phosphoric acid; diammonium hydrogen phosphate+BaClz+H:BOa; dibasic hydrogen phosphate+Al(OH) y+melamine borate; diammonium phosphate+ (NH): SO, +borax+NaF, etc., after the combined use, the flame retardant performance is improved and the scope of use is expanded. However, the shortcomings of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, such as instability, high water solubility, and easy moisture absorption, limit its application in the field of flame retardancy, and it is gradually replaced by ammonium polyphosphate. The thermal decomposition reaction of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and the effect with the carbonizing agent can be expressed by the following formula:

Ammonium phosphate, also known as triammonium phosphate, molecular formula (NH:)&PO..3HzO, relative molecular weight 203.13, colorless transparent flakes or rhombic crystals, easily soluble in water, the aqueous solution is neutral or weakly alkaline, slightly soluble In dilute ammonia water, it is insoluble in solvents such as liquid ammonia, ethanol, ether, acetone, etc. It is unstable in nature. It loses part of the ammonia in the air, and the aqueous solution is heated to lose two molecules of ammonia and become ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. It is used as the surface flame-retardant treatment of flammable substrates such as wax for wood, paper, and textiles. It can also be used as an expansion catalyst and flame retardant for fire-resistant coatings. Its flame retardancy and disadvantages are the same as those of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate Moreover, crystals are easy to precipitate at low temperature, which affects the physical and chemical properties of fireproof coatings.