Introduction to the construction of various waterproof materials

1. Construction of rigid waterproof materials:

The construction of rigid waterproof materials mainly refers to the construction of waterproof mortar or waterproof concrete.

Rigid waterproof material refers to the use of cement, sand, stone aggregates as raw materials, or a small amount of admixtures, high molecular polymers and other materials to reduce or suppress porosity and improve porosity by reasonably adjusting the mix ratio of cement mortar and concrete. It is a cement mortar and concrete waterproof material with certain impermeability, which is prepared by methods such as increasing the compactness of the interface of each material and improving the structural characteristics.

2, the construction of coating waterproof material:

Waterproof coating (also known as coating film waterproof material) is a fluid or semi-fluid substance, which is painted on the surface of the base layer, and is volatilized by solvent or water, or by chemical reaction between components, to form a certain elastic film, so that the The surface is isolated from water, which plays the role of waterproof and moisture-proof.

The development and application of waterproof coatings in my country began in the 1960s. At first, it was mainly asphalt-based waterproof coatings. In the past ten years, it has changed from traditional asphalt-based waterproof coatings to polymer modified asphalt waterproof coatings and synthetic polymers. The development of waterproof coatings has developed and produced low, medium and high-grade series of products with rich output and variety, which has promoted the development of building waterproofing projects.

The waterproof construction of the coating film is divided into thin coating construction and thick coating construction according to the thickness of the coating film. Thin coatings are often applied by brushing or spraying. Thick coatings are often applied by wiping or scraping. Due to the different properties of the paint itself, the tools and processes used are also different. According to the needs of the project, the waterproof coating can be made into a simple coating layer or a carcass reinforcing material coating (with glass fiber cloth or chemical fiber, polyester fiber mat) to make one cloth and two coats, two cloths and three coats, and more cloths and more coats. .

3. Construction of waterproof membrane:

Waterproofing membrane is an important variety of building waterproofing materials. Generally, it can be divided into bitumen waterproofing membrane with asphalt as the basic raw material, polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane with polymer wax for modified asphalt as the basic raw material, and synthetic polymer waterproofing membrane with synthetic polymer material as the basic raw material Three categories of materials. The former type is the traditional waterproofing membrane, but its carcass material has been newly developed and applied, and it is still used in my country’s waterproofing projects; and the latter two types of waterproofing membranes represent the development direction of waterproofing membranes. Because of its superior performance, it is a new type of waterproof membrane that will be vigorously developed and applied in my country in the future.

The commonly used construction methods for membrane waterproofing include hot-bonding, cold-bonding, hot-melting, self-adhesive, mechanical fixing, and embedded construction.

4, metal plate (sheet) waterproof construction:

Metal sheet (sheet) material waterproofing is mainly used for roofing systems that use sheet metal as roofing material and combine structural layer and waterproof layer into one. There are many types of metal plates, including zinc plate, galvanized plate, aluminum alloy plate, aluminum magnesium alloy plate, titanium alloy plate, copper plate, stainless steel plate, etc. The thickness is generally 0.4 to 1.5 mm, and the surface of the board is generally coated. Due to the difference in material and coating quality, the lifespan varies, and some can reach more than 50 years; the production shapes of the plates are various, and some are composite plates, that is, the insulation layer is compounded between two layers of metal plates. , and some are veneer; the construction methods of the boards are different, some boards are assembled on site after being processed in the factory, and some are processed on site according to the needs of the roofing project; some of the thermal insulation layers are compounded in the factory, and can also be produced on site. Therefore, sheet metal roofs come in various forms, from large public buildings to factories, warehouses, and residences.

5. Waterproof construction of sealing materials:

The sealing materials used in construction refer to the materials that are filled in the joints, cracks, door and window frames, glass edges, pipe joints or connections with other structures to play a watertight and airtight role in buildings.

The commonly used sealing materials mainly include modified asphalt sealing waterproof material and synthetic polymer sealing waterproof material. Their performances are quite different. The construction method should be determined according to the specific material. The commonly used construction methods include cold embedding method and hot irrigation. two types of law.

6. Construction of grouting plugging materials:

The construction of grouting plugging materials generally refers to the slurry prepared by chemical materials, burying the grouting nozzle through drilling holes, injecting it into the structural cracks using pressure, and then diffusing and solidifying to achieve the purpose of waterproofing, plugging, reinforcement and reinforcement. Often used to repair deep concrete structural cracks. According to the grouting pressure and speed, it can be divided into high pressure fast grouting method and low pressure slow grouting method.