Antioxidants, antistatic agents, foaming agents and lubricants in plastic additives

Antioxidants, antistatic agents, foaming agents and lubricants in plastic additives

1. Antioxidant
Unsaturated double bonds in plastics are attacked by oxygen atoms, heat and light, causing them to break and generate free radicals, thereby causing chain reactions, breaking molecular chains or forming chain cross-links, resulting in reduced strength or brittleness of plastic finished products. The function of antioxidants is to delay the decomposition of plastics due to oxidation and prolong the life of plastic products.

Antioxidants used in the plastics industry can be classified according to their functions as:

(1) Oxidative chain reaction inhibitors: such as Alkyl phenol, Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Aromatic amines, Phenyl-B-resistance amines Naphthylamine), Alkyl Quinone, Alkylene bisphenol, Alkyl phenolthioether, Phenyl salicylate, etc.

(2) Peroxide decomposers: such as alcohol thioether series, Thio propionate ester, Organic phosphites, dithiosulfonate series, etc.

(3) Heavy metal inactivator: such as amidate, hydrazine, aromatic amine compounds, etc.

2. Antistatic agent

The main function of the antistatic agent is to impart electrical conductivity to the plastic so that it avoids the accumulation of static electricity caused by friction. Commonly used antistatic agents are Quaternary ammonium salt, ethoxylated amines, fatty acid esters and sulfonated waxes.

3. Blowing agent

There are three main types of foaming agents for plastics:

①Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and air are directly pressed into the plastic melt to foam;

② Volatile liquids such as butane, pentane, petroleum ether, difluorodichloromethane, etc., will volatilize and expand after heating up, and the plastic body will foam. Common polystyrene foam belongs to this type;

③ Decomposable chemical foaming agents, such foaming agents are generally solid powders. They decompose and release gas (usually nitrogen or carbon dioxide) when heated, so that plastics have cell-like structures and reduce weight. Such foaming agents are mostly organic azo compounds, such as Azodicarbonamide and Azobisisobutyro-nitrile (AIBN for short). The foamed plastics mainly include: ABS, PS, PVC, PU, ​​EVA, PE, PP, etc.

4. Lubricant

Lubricants can be divided into internal lubricants and external lubricants. The main function of internal lubricants is to improve the internal fluidity of the resin and reduce the internal friction between the resin molecular chains, such as fatty acid lipids (monoglycerol stearate); External lubricants reduce resin adhesion to processing machinery and improve product surface smoothness and ease of mold release, such as

Antioxidants, antistatic agents, foaming agents and lubricants in plastic additives

1. Antioxidant
Unsaturated double bonds in plastics are attacked by oxygen atoms, heat and light, causing them to break and generate free radicals, thereby causing chain reactions, breaking molecular chains or forming chain cross-links, resulting in reduced strength or brittleness of plastic finished products. The function of antioxidants is to delay the decomposition of plastics due to oxidation and prolong the life of plastic products.

Antioxidants used in the plastics industry can be classified according to their functions as:

(1) Oxidative chain reaction inhibitors: such as Alkyl phenol, Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Aromatic amines, Phenyl-B-resistance amines Naphthylamine), Alkyl Quinone, Alkylene bisphenol, Alkyl phenolthioether, Phenyl salicylate, etc.

(2) Peroxide decomposers: such as alcohol thioether series, Thio propionate ester, Organic phosphites, dithiosulfonate series, etc.

(3) Heavy metal inactivator: such as amidate, hydrazine, aromatic amine compounds, etc.

2. Antistatic agent

The main function of the antistatic agent is to impart electrical conductivity to the plastic so that it avoids the accumulation of static electricity caused by friction. Commonly used antistatic agents are Quaternary ammonium salt, ethoxylated amines, fatty acid esters and sulfonated waxes.

3. Blowing agent

There are three main types of foaming agents for plastics:

①Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and air are directly pressed into the plastic melt to foam;

② Volatile liquids such as butane, pentane, petroleum ether, difluorodichloromethane, etc., will volatilize and expand after heating up, and the plastic body will foam. Common polystyrene foam belongs to this type;

③ Decomposable chemical foaming agents, such foaming agents are generally solid powders. They decompose and release gas (usually nitrogen or carbon dioxide) when heated, so that plastics have cell-like structures and reduce weight. Such foaming agents are mostly organic azo compounds, such as Azodicarbonamide and Azobisisobutyro-nitrile (AIBN for short). The foamed plastics mainly include: ABS, PS, PVC, PU, ​​EVA, PE, PP, etc.

4. Lubricant

Lubricants can be divided into internal lubricants and external lubricants. The main function of internal lubricants is to improve the internal fluidity of the resin and reduce the internal friction between the resin molecular chains, such as fatty acid lipids (monoglycerol stearate); External lubricants reduce resin adhesion to processing machinery and improve product surface smoothness and ease of mold release, such as oxidized polyolefin wax.

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