The advantages of the ideal wetting/leveling agent

1, Effectively reduce the surface tension ability of the system and improve its wettability and permeability to the substrate.
2, with low foaming, unstable foaming, and low water sensitivity.
3, Does not affect the interlayer adhesion.
4, Has a good balance of surface tension, can improve the substrate wetting, but does not affect the leveling or defects due to excessive reduction of surface tension.

Initiator A large number of studies on the initiation system of the AT RP polymerization reaction have shown that all alkyl halides containing inducing conjugate groups at the α position can initiate the AT RP polymerization reaction. Per cec et al. successfully developed arylsulfonyl chloride initiators. Due to the low dissociation energy of the S-C1 bond in such initiators, the initiation efficiency is greater than that of halogenated alkanes.

The typical AT RP initiators that have been reported are mainly α-halophenyl compounds, such as. Ethyl chloride, ethyl bromide, benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide, etc.; cr halogenated carbonyl compounds, such as cr ethyl chloropropionate, ethyl c-bromopropionate, α bromoisobutyric acid Ethyl esters, etc.; a-halogenated cyano compounds, such as α-chloroacetonitrile, α-chloropropionitrile, etc.; polyhalides, such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, etc. In addition, substituted arylsulfonyl chlorides containing weak S-CI bonds are effective initiators for styrene and (meth)acrylate monomers. Recent studies have found that halogenated oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion alkanes (such as dichloromethane, 1.2-dichloroethane) without conjugated or inducing groups in the molecular structure can also trigger methacrylic acid under the catalysis of FeCl z·4HzO/PPh; The controlled polymerization of butyl ester broadens the range of initiator selection for AT RP.

The catalyst of the first generation AT RP polymerization initiation system is cuprous salt (CuX, X=Cl, Br). Later, they successively researched and developed Ru and Ni coordination compound catalysts and ferrous halide catalysts. The successful research of these catalysts laid the foundation for the development of an efficient and pollution-free initiation system.